[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” da_disable_devices=”off|off|off” global_colors_info=”{}” da_is_popup=”off” da_exit_intent=”off” da_has_close=”on” da_alt_close=”off” da_dark_close=”off” da_not_modal=”on” da_is_singular=”off” da_with_loader=”off” da_has_shadow=”on”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#9dbf9e” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#326622″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”Inter|||on|||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#326622″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
In this chapter we\u2019ll take a look at the issues that commonly come up after planting:<\/p>\n
The biggest cause of failure in plantings is opening the gate too early. Keep the gates shut.<\/em> Even if you think the site has failed, it should not be written off for at least twelve months.<\/p>\n Often plants are not easily visible in a planting until the third autumn. This is a good time to take stock. Many plants will survive dry seasons, mild grazing predation and high annual weed competition. These plants will either reshoot or really start to put on leafy growth the next season. In the higher rainfall areas, plants will even survive Phalaris<\/em> dominance.<\/p>\n Rabbits, wombats, hares and birds can have an impact on the survival of plants but rarely on the whole site.<\/p>\n Other circumstances that might lead to complete failure include:<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Short term: SIX to TWELVE months after planting” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Sites can look swamped with weeds and annual plants in the first six to twelve months. This can be confronting. It can take up to five years for the seedlings to out-compete start to suppress the growth of annuals.<\/p>\n In the short term:<\/p>\n Broadleaf weeds (e.g., Paterson\u2019s Curse, thistles, fleabane) can dominate in the first season after planting because the ground has been disturbed and there is space for weeds. Generally broadleaf weeds drop out of the site in the subsequent years as grasses dominate. As long as there isn\u2019t significant risk (e.g., it\u2019s a new weed on your property, there\u2019s risk to adjacent crops or pastures, or it\u2019s a weed that is required to be controlled by law), we recommend leaving it alone in the first year. As long as there is no bare ground, most broadleaf weeds should reduce and eventually be eliminated just through competition and lack of opportunity.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/well-preped-site-scaled.jpg” title_text=”well preped site” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” height=”286px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/well-maintained-site-scaled.jpg” title_text=”well maintained site” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Example of a highly maintained site six months after planting (note slashing between rows). Photos: P.Sheehan (l) L.Bull (r)<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Medium Term: Twelve months to Three years after planting” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Annual grass and broadleaf weed growth slows and may even provide some groundcover (mulch) to improve moisture retention.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/18months-after-planting-scaled.jpg” title_text=”18months after planting” _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Eighteen months of seedling growth where high annual weed\/grass growth starts to reduce. Photo: L. Bull<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Long Term: Three to Five years after planting” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Biodiversity plantings really starts to fill out after five years of growth, and small birds will start using the revegetation site. There may still be a weedy ground layer, but it is reducing. It is possible that some wattles might die but you can expect seedlings to germinate.<\/p>\n Avoid the temptation<\/em> to graze, as that will knock out regeneration and change the sheltering value for wildlife. Plants may not be strong enough yet to withstand the pressure. It also creates disturbance and allows more weeds to germinate. Unless it was set up for grazing (e.g., shelterbelts with only trees and large shrubs), keep grazing animals out.<\/p>\n This could be a time to consider adding more understorey and groundlayer plants if the conditions are right.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ianson-18mths-scaled.jpg” title_text=”Ianson 18mths” _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/2023J_Whitty_IAnson.jpg” title_text=”2023J_Whitty_IAnson” _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Sites – eighteen months and six years after planting. Phptps: L. Bull (l), J. Whitty (r)<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Long-term annual maintenance” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” title_level=”h2″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n A revegetation site is a long-term investment from either personal or public funds. Aim to manage it for the purpose it was created, and continue to actively monitor and manage any issues that come up.<\/p>\n Revisit the condition of the site (Chapter 8: Monitoring) \u2013 has the condition of your site improved?<\/p>\n In the long term:<\/p>\n If you do need to graze<\/em> to reduce the weedy biomass for fire or weed management, monitor grazing extremely closely.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||37px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Common Issues” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” title_level=”h2″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”|||on|||||” header_text_color=”#326622″ header_font_size=”23px” header_3_font=”Inter|||on|||||” header_3_font_size=”22px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n For seedling plantings, it is often difficult to judge success or failure immediately. Unless there is an obvious disaster (e.g., the gate was open) don\u2019t be hasty to call it a bust. At the third autumn, if the outcome is really not what you wanted, consider either supplementary planting or starting again if the survival is very low. This is not easy \u2013 there is often a lot of biomass and spraying and re-ripping is really hard. It will often come down to hand planting. This is a good reason to get it right in the first place.<\/p>\n For direct seeding, there may be germination up to five years after the initial seeding, so again, don\u2019t be hasty to call it a failure. After five years, if the outcome is not what you hoped for, you can look at reseeding or adding to the site with seedlings.<\/p>\n Remember that it\u2019s the outcome that you wanted that\u2019s important \u2013 50 per cent survival in a biodiversity site may still provide better biodiversity, but 50 per cent survival in a shelterbelt planting may compromise that outcome, so the decision to replant will be different in each case.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Wattles are Short-lived \u2013 I Don’t Want to Plant Them” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Wattle species are a common plant used in revegetation and have many benefits, from creating fast thick cover for small birds, to nitrogen fixing in the soil. Most wattle species are short lived, they mature early and produce lots of seed that germinates and persists after the original plant has died. When wattles die, they also provide a whole other lot of food resources for birds and animals \u2013 resist the urge to \u2018clean up\u2019 dead wood and sticks in plantings for biodiversity.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_3_font=”Inter|||on|||||” header_3_font_size=”22px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n If your site is funded, there may be rules about when you are able to graze. In general, revegetation sites shouldn\u2019t be grazed at all for the first five years. See also discussion above under Long term: three to five years after planting.<\/strong><\/p>\n Grazing does impact the plants but the key factors are:<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”How will fire affect my planting? Do I need to replant?” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n The effects of fire depend on the age of the planting and the severity of the fire.<\/p>\n Young revegetation sites<\/em> (one to two years) will be most affected, as immature plants have less capacity to regrow.<\/p>\n Mature revegetation sites<\/em> (three or more years) will often grow back after a low or moderate intensity fire and seed produced by understorey species will germinate and the site can return to its previous state.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Managing overabundant native animals \u2013 wombats and kangaroos” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n We have unfortunately created landscapes with abundant water and nutritious grass with less natural predation compared to pre-European landscapes, and these native grazers have greater breeding success and move to areas with shelter and abundant resources \u2013 including your revegetation areas! Overabundance of these grazers can have the same effect as overgrazing by domestic stock, and numbers may have to be controlled from time to time. Permits are issued though the National Parks and Wildlife Service \u2013 they will assess the numbers and issue the permit if required.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Mistletoe is taking over my trees” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Mistletoes are not necessarily a \u2018pest\u2019\u2013 they are an important habitat feature of remnant and revegetation. Mistletoe is a good sign that your site is being used by [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″ border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#326622″ custom_padding=”||||false|false”]<\/p>\n Check out this Deeper Read for more information about mistletoe…<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Noisy Miners” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Noisy Miners are native honeyeaters that are aggressive to other birds and can dominate remnant vegetation and revegetation, pushing out smaller birds. In general, they prefer open woodland habitats with simple vegetation structure (e.g., just trees) over more complex structures (e.g., with thick shrubs and If your site is dominated by Noisy Miners the general recommendation is to increase the shrub cover, connectivity and diversity \u2013 plant thickets that are away from the canopy so they can\u2019t dominate from above. In some cases it may be recommended to reduce numbers \u2013 get help from Landcare and\/or your natural resource management agency if you are worried.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” column_structure=”1_2,1_2″][et_pb_column _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” type=”1_2″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Noisy-Miner-KI_161114_17_2645.jpg” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″ title_text=”Noisy Miner”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Noisy Miner – Credit: Peter Rowland<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” type=”1_2″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/revegetation.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Common-Myna-KI_141206_14_20504_resized.jpg” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″ title_text=”Common Myna KI_141206_14_20504_resized”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Common Myna (introduced) – Credit: Peter Rowland<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”The shrubs are gone, I\u2019ve just got trees and Phalaris!” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n If your site has a history of fertiliser and grazing, it is very difficult to eliminate Phalaris<\/em> and other invasive perennial grasses from the site; even if the site is [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Fire as a management tool” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Fire has been used as a tool for managing vegetation for a long time, both with positive and negative impacts. First Nations people used regular cool burning to keep habitat open for access and to attract prey species. Early settlers in Australia also used burning as a tool to manage vegetation for grazing and to clear for agriculture. It\u2019s not a simple remedy for everything and the outcome from a burn depends entirely on the intensity, the season, the history and condition of the vegetation that is there in the first place.<\/p>\n In revegetation and restoration areas fire can be used as a tool for:<\/p>\n Hazard reduction and ecological burns require permission from the NSW Rural Fire Service, whether in the permit season or not, so you need to seek advice.<\/p>\n If it\u2019s an ecological outcome you are hoping for, also seek advice from Landcare and\/or your regional natural resource management agency so you can design a regime for the desired outcome. Burning can have a negative outcome sometimes, especially where there are a lot of weed species that may be encouraged.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#FFFFFF” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#326622″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Inter|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#326622″ text_font_size=”18px” text_letter_spacing=”1px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n NEVER BURN THE WHOLE SITE<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u2013 if something goes wrong, you haven\u2019t compromised the whole site and there is potential for recovery.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” custom_margin=”27px|auto||auto||” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#326622″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_4_font=”Inter|||on|||||” header_4_text_align=”center” header_4_text_color=”#326622″ background_color=”#9dbf9e” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Find out more…<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding=”|20px||20px|false|false” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Biodiversity Conservation Trust: Guideline for Managing Over-abundant Kangaroos – https:\/\/www.bct.nsw.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-06\/Final%20web%20version%20BCT%20Guideline%20for%20Managing%20Over-abundant%20Kangaroos.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n
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My site has failed \u2013 how do I fix it?<\/h3>\n
When can I graze?<\/h3>\n
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lots of birds, as they are the source of seed dispersal for mistletoes. Overabundant mistletoe may be a sign that your site lacks predators \u2013 Brush and Ringtail
Possums. Try adding nest boxes or artificial hollows and make sure it is connected to patches with these species in them. Mistletoe removal is not generally recommended.<\/p>\n
mid-storey species).<\/p>\n
perfectly prepared, it can reinvade. Trees tend to cope better than understorey plants. Over time, the competition from the trees for moisture and nutrients generally results in the Phalaris decreasing and being replaced by litter layers, but unless you do very active management you may have to accept that it is there to stay. It does provide that grassy layer habitat for small birds that our tussock grasslands used to provide. Again, it depends on what your objective is \u2013 selecting better quality sites for biodiversity restoration can be more successful in the long term. In shelterbelts and general revegetation sites, Phalaris biomass can be managed with crash-grazing until it naturally reduces.<\/p>\n\n